Population A Vital Indicator of Economic Growth Essay

Economic growth in a city, state, or country is characterized by steady growth in the productive capacity of the economy or a growth of national income (Fernandez- Villaverde, 2001). The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate is most commonly used to measure economic growth because it is a reflection of the total change in a country’s national output (Filardo, 1999). This growth rate is used to predict the direction of an economy. A positive growth rate indicates a positive economy with more jobs, consumption and income while a negative growth indicates an economic decline (Filardo, 1999). Economic growth constitutes superior productivity, prosperity, and increased capital per capita resulting in a higher quality of living.†¦show more content†¦Land use is highly dependent upon the social interactions and demographics of the surrounding population. For a city to be considered â€Å"sustainable†, it must be an environment suitable for efficient public tran sport and social interaction within the surrounding population (Jenks, 1996). The demand for different types of land use is based on population and economic developments shape, whereas the allocation of land use change is determined by regional and local conditions. One important approach to micro-level perspective modeling is multi-agent simulation. Multi-agent models are part of distributed artificial intelligence methods (Verburg et al., 2004). An agent is an entity that is able to act on itself within a given environment and communicate with other agents and whose knowledge and behaviors are a result of its observations (Sanders, Pumain, Mathian, Guerin-Pace, Bura, 1997). Multi-agent models can clarify the degree to which system-level properties emerge from local evolutionary forces and the impact those local processes have on the continued functioning of the multi-agent universe (Levin, 1998). While the simulated behavior at the aggregate levels aids in the development of new theories connecting individual behavior to collective behavior, the model is not very useful outside of the micro-level. The model is limited to applications that areShow MoreRelatedMarket Potential Indicator and Its Components: International Market Analysis649 Word s   |  3 Pagescomputers will be analyzed with respect to the indicators of MPI. Lastly, the paper will evaluate which countries would be an ideal market for such a company. MPI has been formulated after considering a number of indicators and is used to compare emerging markets with one another. 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As such, understanding theRead MoreThe Effect Of Education On Life Expectancy1487 Words   |  6 Pageslonger. The study of Frank and Mustard (1994) also reports that education enables individuals to gain knowledge about nutrition that lowers mortality rates and increases life expectancy. Table 1.2 Regression Coefficients (Standardized) for Educational Growth and Life Expectancy (Dependent Variable: LEXP) Determinants Dependent Variable: LEXP0M Dependent Variable: LEXP0F Standardisedï  ¢ t-value Adjusted r2 F-value Standardisedï  ¢ t-value Adjusted r2 F-value NER1T 0.607** 2.754 0.320 7.58** 0.560** 2.436 0Read MoreDeveloping Countries During World War II1547 Words   |  7 Pagescountries has increased. The growing link between these two groups of economies increased eventually in addition to the increase in the rate of dependability amongst them. With the rapid growth in wealth and industrialization of the First World, only a few developing countries managed to have adequate economic growth on the line of the developed countries. Many of the developing countries which were poor at that time still remained to be poor today even today in comparison to the industrialized nationsRead MoreEconomic Factors That Influence Our Quality Of Life1379 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic factors that influence our quality of life in Australia An economy refers to the way in which a society is systematized to solve the economic problem of the insufficiency of resources relative to the society s needs and wants involving the countries production, distribution and exchange. There are many factors or the economy that influence the standard of living in Australia. The Main Factors are Australias Economic System, The key resources of the Australian economy, and the key economicRead MoreAccess Of Higher Education At Haryan An Inter District Analysis Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pagesthinking and growth of individuality. There is general consensus that higher education is one of the vital factors of national development, an important social resource and means of reducing inequalities in the societies. 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Case Study Senior Management Commitment - 1722 Words

The company has been subservicing mortgages for so long and as a result they have accumulated a lot of data throughout the years. One big thing is the databases that are produced through Cenlar. For example, one database that Cenlar has produced is our Customer Database which has all of our clients and their information stored onto it. While other competitors have to waste time contacting a client for specific information Cenlar has it all stored on a database that is updated regularly. This database includes a lot of detailed information such as the manager of the client, where they are located, what states they work in, and how many years they have been doing business with Cenlar. Senior management commitment is prominent through the email reminders employees receive on a daily basis. Cenlar also hosts parties to celebrate their efficiency as a company. The management tries to make the employees feel that each individual makes a special impact on the company. The large-scale ambition at Cenlar revolves around their size. The main goal of the company is to be the largest subservicing company through their efficiency. This goal has been achieved through the analytics of efficiency and now they want to continue to be successful. Employees are reminded at the end of the day that efficiency plays a big part in being the biggest mortgage subservicer in the world. Keeping the large-scale ambition of being the biggest subservicer is a large part of Cenlar, and in orderShow MoreRelatedCase Study - All Star Sports Catalogue Division Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesCase Study: All Star Sports Catalog Division 1 Case Study: Decision Making at the Top – The All Star Sports Catalog Division August 16, 2010 Case Study: All Star Sports Catalog Division 2 All-Star Sports Catalog Division (ASC) participated in a consultant-led study that reviewed the company‟s strategic decision-making process. 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Medically Assisted Suicide Free Essays

Medically Assisted Suicide Medically assisted suicide is an event in which a physician honors a patient’s request for a lethal dose of medication. It has become a very emotional and controversial issue for many in the United States. The only state legally allowing medically assisted suicide is Oregon since 1997. We will write a custom essay sample on Medically Assisted Suicide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although some feel it is unethical and morally wrong, medically assisted suicide should be legalized to patients who are terminally ill because it would relieve them from constant and unbearable physical and psychological pain in a respectable and painless way. Individuals in the United States have the freedom to make decisions concerning their life such as where they live, what they wear, who they marry, and occupation. Every individual is able to make a decision about his or her life whether good or bad. Everyone is ultimately in full control of his or her own life. By allowing someone to make choices freely regarding their life, the same should be allowed when regarding their death. Some patients passively aggressively choose to end their lives by not continuing treatment or therapy for their disease. This emphasizes the theory that people can and should control their own lives. Patients choose to end their lives for various reasons: they fear the loss of their independence, which later results in becoming a burden to their family or friends; they want to die in a dignified way, and they also fear the thought of dying alone. Society should understand why an individual wouldn’t want to have to rely on a family member to take care of them. Knowing that eventually they won’t be able to do even the easiest daily tasks such as showering, eating, or walking alone, does put a heavy burden on whoever would be taking care of them. It is also reasonable to understand that patients don’t want to be remembered by how they were in their sick state. No one should have to go through seeing their loved one whither away to what isn’t even the person they were to begin with. It would provide much relief to families and loved ones to remember the patient in a healthy and normal condition. Medically assisted suicide shouldn’t be viewed as a selfish act like regular suicide, but as a dignified and painless way to end a life that would end in the near future regardless. Whether suicides are legal or not, they will occur, and it would be much better if they were brought into the open. Suffering is different then pain. Suffering normally encompasses physical and psychological deterioration for which there is no cure. While many believe taking a life away in any circumstances is immoral, death is a compassionate way to relieve unbearable suffering. When physicians are asked to help a patient into death, they have many responsibilities that come along with that request. Among these responsibilities are: providing valid information as to the terminal illness the patient is suffering, educating the patient as to what their final options may be, making the decision of whether or not to help the patient into death, and also if they do decide to help, providing the lethal dose of medication that will end the patient’s life. Medically assisted suicide became very familiar to the public in 1990 when Dr. Jack Kevorkian helped to assist his first patient to death. Dr. Kevorkian had invented a machine that consisted of three bottles that were connected to an IV. When the patients were ready to start the process of dying, they turned on the machine in which a sedative was administed first to make them drift off to sleep. Following the sedative was the fatal ingredient potassium chloride. According to Kathlyn Gay, Dr. Kevorkian claimed that he had caused no death; he just helped with his patient’s last civil rights. He believes that doctors that don’t help assist their patients are like the Nazi doctors during World War 2, those who used experiments on the Jewish people (50-51). Dr. Kevorkian aided 43 patients to their death. He agreed to assist patients after thoroughly interviewing each patient and realizing there weren’t any other alternative methods for the patient to deter suffering. It was reported that Kevorkian’s male patients had severe terminal illnesses that left them incapable of living, while the female patients suffered from breast cancer and other illnesses that are curable (Keenan 16). Kevorkian’s medical license was suspended and eventually taken away, and he stood trial for murder charges. Dr. Kevorkian was later placed in jail and then released by Judge Richard C. Kaufman who ruled the state’s ban of medically assisted suicide as unconstitutional. It was determined that Dr. Kevorkian’s charges be dismissed due to the basis of the quality of the patient’s life, saying that the patient’s life was â€Å"significantly impaired by a medical condition that was extremely unlikely to improve. † Kaufman also said that people have a constitutional right to commit suicide. Worsnop, 405). According to Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act, â€Å"‘Terminal disease† means an incurable and irreversible disease that has been medically confirmed and will, within reasonable medical judgement, produce death within six (6) months† (2). The physician is also responsible for letting the patient know of any experimental dru gs and any other treatments that may benefit the patient in any way. Another responsibility of the physician is to educate the patient as to what their final options may be. They are required to inform the patient about their diagnosis, the results of taking any medication that could be given, all alternatives that could be used to treat the patient, and also having the patient contact another physician to confirm the diagnosis (The Oregon Death with Dignity Act 3, hereafter known as The Oregon). It should be agreed that when a patient is left with no other alternatives or methods of survival, they should be allowed to decide if they want to end their own life. Physicians who aid in a patient’s request for aid shouldn’t be judged as immoral, but only as someone who has the means and education to help patients with their last request in life. It should also be taken into consideration that everyone has the freedom of choice. â€Å"Since there is no absolute legal, medical, or moral answer to the question of what constitutes a good or correct death in the face of a terminal illness, the power to make the decision about how someone dies can rest with only one individual–the person living in that particular body† (Shavelson 153). When patients are already faced with death due to a terminal illness, medically assisted suicide should be allowed so that they don’t have to go through any pain. Many terminal illnesses involve the decomposition of the brain, vital organs, and physical appearance. Patients normally tend to lose their mental activity such as memory and thinking also. It isn’t fair for a patient to have to go through that if they are not willing to. Not only for their mental and physical state of mind, but because of the cost. Patients shouldn’t be required to pay for medical treatment that only prolongs a life with poor quality. Society also shouldn’t blame a patient for not wanting to lie in a hospital bed and rely on a machine to do their breathing. That patient should be entitled to choose an easy and peaceful death. Patients who make the decision to end their life shouldn’t be viewed as doing something wrong because they are choosing to do something to help them. Decisions regarding time and circumstances are personal to each individual. A competent person should be able to choose. While many view the interest in preserving a life, the interest should deteriorate when the individual has a strong desire to end their life. In conclusion, medically assisted suicide should not be viewed as ethically wrong. It should be viewed as a humane and graceful way for patients with no other alternatives to die. It prevents an individual who is terminally ill from feeling severe pain and deciding when and how they want to end their life. The suffering a patient goes through is incomprehensible to people who haven’t gone through it. Therefore it shouldn’t be decided by anyone but the individual going through it how long and how much suffering they endure. Bibliography Gay, Kathlyn. The Right To Die: Public Controversy, Private Matter. Brookfield, Connecticut: The Millbrook Press, 1993. Keenan, James F. The Case for Physician-Assisted Suicide? America. November 14, 1998. 14-19. Shavelson, Lonny. A Chosen Death: The Dying Confront Assisted Suicide. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995. â€Å"The Oregon Death with Dignity Act. † Yahoo. January 16, 2000, http://www. islandnet. com/~deathnet/ergo_orlaw. html. Worsnop, Richard L. Assisted Suicide. C Q Researcher. Vol. 2, No. 7, p. 145-168. Washington D. C. : Congressional Quarterly, Inc. , 1992. How to cite Medically Assisted Suicide, Papers

Accounting Theory Research and Development

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Theory for Research and Development. Answer: Introduction This study deals with understanding the differences between Research and Development. In this particular assignment, importance of Research and Development has been identified that helps business firms in gaining high revenues in the upcoming financial year (Rehfuess et al. 2013). There is no hard and fast rule that if a company spends huge on Research and Development, then it will achieve the desired profits. Discussion on the nature of differences between Research and Development Research and Development in industry is intimately related with given process by which new products as well as new forms of old products with the help of technological innovation. Research and Development reveals the systematic use of scientific knowledge for improving manifestations for not meeting with universal approval. It helps in developing new knowledge as well as application of scientific or engineering knowledge for connecting with knowledge for other aspects (Harper, Jones and Marcus 2013). Research= Basic Experimental Research Development= Exploitation of discoveries Research and Development in Business proves critical for marketing aspects. Intense competition has made research and development important prospects. Conducting research and development activities will help business firm for analyzing consumers trends, needs as well as demands. There is no guarantee that higher spending to Research and Development will lead to higher profits, greater market share as well as more creativity and better products and services (Harper, Jones and Marcus 2013). This particular concept will investigate activities whereby business takes deliberate decisions for conducting certain activities. It has an intention for general strategic actions for future growth actions. It aims in discovering attributes that will lead to new products, procedures as well as bringing improvement in the existing products or services. Discussion on how Research and development are accounted for and why firms engage in Research and Development Business firms engages in research and development so that they have better understanding of present market condition and deliver goods and services. Research and Development helps high-tech firms on the cutting edge of advancement of new technology (Rehfuess et al. 2013). Most of the consumer goods companies aims at spending large sum of money especially on improved old products. For instance, Gillette spends lot of money on Research and Development every year for ongoing attempts in designing of more effective shaver. On the contrary, some other company believes in spending small percentages of their revenues on Research and Development like under 5% (Rehfuess et al. 2013). Research and Development is important for business firm because firms should understand changing market condition as it is crucial to survive in the fast changing environment. It helps business firm to cope up with continuous technological change as well as intense competition among nearest competitors (Harper, Jones and Marcus 2013). It will help business firm in getting idea on changing consumer preferences and considers as fundamentals to marketing. Advantages are markets that come from understanding of marketing needs. RD will give efficient production process for business organization. Conclusion At the end of the study, it is concluded that Research and Developmental activities provides great help to the business organization. This is because conducting market research will help in gaining information regarding customer changed trends and preferences. Addition to that, it gives proper understanding regarding current market position and business offerings in the near future. Reference List Harper, C., Jones, N. and Marcus, R., 2013. Research for development: A practical guide. Sage. Noyes, J., Gough, D., Lewin, S., Mayhew, A., Michie, S., Pantoja, T., Petticrew, M., Pottie, K., Rehfuess, E., Shemilt, I. and Shepperd, S., 2013. A research and development agenda for systematic reviews that ask complex questions about complex interventions. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 66(11), pp.1262-1270.